Direct somatic embryogenesis from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Coffea arabica</Emphasis> L. and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Coffea canephora</Emphasis> P ex Fr. under the influence of ethylene action inhibitor-silver nitrate |
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Authors: | P Giridhar E P Indu K Vinod A Chandrashekar G A Ravishankar |
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Institution: | (1) Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore;(2) Food Microbiology Department, CFTRI, 570 013 Mysore, India |
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Abstract: | For the first time direct somatic embryogenesis from hypocotyl explants of in vitro regenerated plantlets of C. arabica and C. canephora was achieved on modified MS medium containing 10 – 70 μM silver nitrate supplemented with 1.1 μM N6 benzyladenine and 2.85 μM indole-3-acetic acid. A maximum of 144.1±7.3 and 68.7±3.3 embryos per explant were produced at
40 μM silver nitrate in C. canephora and C. arabica respectively. Only yellow friable embryogenic callus obtained from the cut edges of most of leaf explants of both C. arabica and C. canephora at all concentrations of silver nitrate were tried in this experiment. Formation of secondary embryos from stage I primary
embryos (small yellow, round, globular embryos) was more (28.23±1.3) at 60 μM silver nitrate in C. canephora, while 40 μM silver nitrate supported more of secondary embryo formation in C. arabica (40.5±1.2). When stage II (green globular round matured embryos) and stage III primary embryos (tubular stage embryos) were
used, secondary embryo formation was very small and many of these embryos developed into plantlets and some of them even rooted.
By using these protocols within 45 – 60 days it is possible to get secondary embryos from primary embryos and direct somatic
embryos from hypocotyls of in vitro plantlets in both these Coffea species. |
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