Development and germination of Abies alba somatic embryos |
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Authors: | Katharina Hristoforoglu Josef Schmidt Harald Bolhar-Nordenkampf |
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Institution: | (1) Division of Life Sciences, Austrian Research Centre Seibersdorf Ltd., A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria;(2) Department of Plant Physiology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse, A-1090 Vienna, Austria |
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Abstract: | Mature zygotic embryos of Abies alba mull were placed on a modified MCM medium (basal medium-BM) with 2.2 M benzyladenine and 2.3 M kinetin to induce embryogenic suspensor masses (ESM). These ESM proliferated on induction medium supplemented with 0.2 M 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. From 61 ESM lines induced, 36 are still in culture after 2 years, of which 18 show embryogenic potential indicated by spontaneous formation of globular somatic embryos on the proliferation medium supplemented with 500–1000 mg l-1 casein hydrolysate and 500 mg l-1
l-glutamine. ESMs from cell line 2/56 were conditioned 1 week on BM with 58 mM sucrose and 10 g l-1 activated charcoal for maturation of somatic embryos. Maturation was achieved on BM containing 20 M (±)cis-trans-abscisic acid in combination with 111 mM maltose. Organic nitrogen supplements improved the proliferation rate of cell line 2/56 as well as the maturation and vitality of the somatic embryos. Partial drying was necessary for subsequent root development. Plantlets with a root, primary needles and a terminal bud developed on BM when a combination of 30 mM sucrose and 50 mM maltose was provided as carbon source.Abbreviations BM
basal medium
- BA
benzyladenine
- ESM
embryogenic suspensor mass
- 2,4-d
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- CH
casein hydrolysate
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l-gln
l-glutamine
- ABA
(±) cis-trans-abscisic acid |
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Keywords: | fir maltose maturation organic nitrogen plantlets somatic embryogenesis |
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