Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from immature embryos of western larch

Somatic embryogenesis was initiated from immature embryos of western larch (Larix occidentalis Nutt.) on media containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and N6- benzyladenine. The effects of explant type and ammonium nitrate and glutamine concentrations on initiation were tested. Although 21–93% of explants rendered cultures in various experiments, only 3% yielded sustainable embryogenic lines. Excised embryos at the early cotyledonary stage were optimal for initiation. Maturation of somatic embryos was promoted by abscisic acid. Response to abscisic acid concentrations and duration of exposure to abscisic acid varied with genotype. Maximal results were obtained with 0.025 M abscisic acid for 1 to 2 weeks followed by individual culture on medium without growth regulators. Mature somatic embryos developed into shoots with roots. Plantlets have been established in peat.Abbreviations 2,4-D 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid - BA N⁶-benzyladenine - IBA indole-3-butyric acid - ABA abscisic acid