Isolation and characterization of Microbulbifer species 6532A degrading seaweed thalli to single cell detritus particles |
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Authors: | Masayuki Wakabayashi Akihiro Sakatoku Fumio Noda Minoru Noda Daisuke Tanaka Shogo Nakamura |
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Institution: | (1) Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan;(2) Sugiyo Co. Ltd, Nanao Ishikawa, 926-8603, Japan; |
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Abstract: | To reduce the volume of seaweed wastes and extract polysaccharides, seaweed-degrading bacteria were isolated from drifting
macroalgae harvested along the coast of Toyama Bay, Japan. Sixty-four bacterial isolates were capable of degrading “Wakame”
(Undaria pinnatifida) thallus fragments into single cell detritus (SCD) particles. Amongst these, strain 6532A was the most active degrader of
thallus fragments, and was capable of degrading thallus fragments to SCD particles within a day. Although the sequence similarity
of the 16S rRNA gene of strain 6532A was 100% similar to that of Microbulbifer elongatus JAMB-A7, several distinct differences were observed between strains, including motility, morphology, and utilization of d-arabinose and gelatin. Consequently, strain 6532A was classified as a new Microbulbifer strain, and was designated Microbulbifer sp. 6532A. Strain 6532A was capable of degrading both alginate and cellulose in the culture medium, zymogram analysis of
which revealed the presence of multiple alginate lyases and cellulases. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study
to directly demonstrate the existence of these enzymes in Microbulbifer species. Shotgun cloning and sequencing of the alginate lyase gene in 6532A revealed a 1,074-bp open reading frame, which
was designated algMsp. The reading frame encoded a PL family seven enzyme composed of 358 amino acids (38,181 Da). With a similarity of 74.2%,
the deduced amino acid sequence was most similar to a Saccharophagus enzyme (alg 7C). These findings suggest that algMsp in strain 6532A is a novel alginate lyase gene. |
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