<Emphasis Type="Italic">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</Emphasis> mutants with multidrug resistance: History of origin,genetic and molecular mechanisms of resistance,and emerging challenges |
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Authors: | A A Prozorov M V Zaichikova V N Danilenko |
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Institution: | 1.Vavilov Institute of General Genetics,Russian Academy of Sciences,Moscow,Russia |
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Abstract: | The review summarizes the data on the Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutations that lead to multidrug resistance (MDR) to various antibiotics. MDR strains arose over the past 30 years as a variety
of antituberculosis drugs were introduced in medicine, and they largely discount the results of chemotherapy for tuberculosis.
The most dangerous of them are strains with extensive drug resistance (XDR), which are resistant to four or five different
drugs on average. The molecular mechanisms that make a strain resistant are considered. XDR and MDR strains result from successive
and usually independent resistance mutations, which arise in various regions of the mycobacterial genome. In addition, the
formation of resistant strains is affected by the phenomenon of tolerance and mycobacterial latency in infected tissues. |
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