Effects of using vasectomized bulls in artificial insemination practice on the reproductive efficiency of Italian buffalo cows |
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| Institution: | 1. Department Scienze Zootecniche, via Delpino, 1 80137, Naples, Italy;2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, S.A., Australia;1. Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit, Saint Michael''s Hospital, Toronto, ON;2. Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON;3. Maternal Fetal Medicine Division, Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR;4. Family Medicine Obstetrics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON;5. Gynecology Program, Women''s College Hospital, Toronto, ON;6. Create Fertility Centre, Toronto, ON;7. Department of Human Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON;1. Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil;2. Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil;3. Department of Genetic and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil;4. College of Animal Science, University of São Paulo State, Dracena, São Paulo, Brazil;5. Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;1. AKTU, Lucknow, India;2. M.M.M.U.T., Gorakhpur, India;1. Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India;2. Department of Animal Sciences and D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA |
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| Abstract: | The effects of the presence or absence of vasectomized male buffaloes on the reproductive efficiency of buffalo cows (n = 396) undergoing artificial insemination (AI) was studied on six farms owned and operated by a single consortium. Lactating animals were separated into two groups of various sizes on each farm and kept under semi-range conditions. Vasectomized bulls were present in one group at a bull/empty-cow ratio of 1:30. No bulls were present in the other group. Reproductive efficiency between the two groups over a period of 3.5 months was compared and evaluated on the basis of: 1) the number of spontaneous overt estruses associated with either feeble or intense signs of estrous behaviour; 2) the number of functional estrous cycles, i.e. estrous cycles with luteal phases defined as normal, based on specified progesterone concentrations in milk or blood plasma 8–10 days after estrus; 3) the number of consecutive functional estrous cycles in cases of induced estrus; and 4) pregnancy rate.Groups with bulls present demonstrated a significantly higher reproductive efficiency than groups without them. There was a higher incidence of spontaneous estrus (92 versus 69%; P < 0.01); spontaneous estrus of high intensity (62.2 versus 31.1%; P < 0.01); and higher incidence of functional estrous cycles following both spontaneous (65.8 versus 57.1%) and induced (77.0 versus 59.5%; P < 0.05) estrus. Exposure to vasectomised bulls also increased the incidence of consecutive functional estrous cycles (90.5 versus 68.1%; P < 0.01), and the pregnancy rate in cows inseminated at spontaneous (42.5 versus 18.9%; P < 0.01) or induced (51.1 versus 33.3%; P < 0.05) estrus. Overall pregnancy rate did not differ significantly between cows inseminated at induced or spontaneous estrus, although in the absence of bulls, pregnancy rate per AI was higher in cows inseminated at induced than at spontaneous estrus (33.3 versus 18.9%). |
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