Asymmetry in reproductive isolation and its effect on directional mitochondrial introgression in the parapatric ground beetles <Emphasis Type="Italic">Carabus yamato</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">C. albrechti</Emphasis> |
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Authors: | Yasuoki Takami Nobuaki Nagata Masataka Sasabe Teiji Sota |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Animal Ecology, Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan |
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Abstract: | Speciation studies seek to clarify the origin of reproductive isolation, the various mechanisms working from mate recognition
through postzygotic stages. Asymmetric effects of isolating barriers can result in asymmetrical gene introgression during
interspecific hybridization. The flightless ground beetles Carabus yamato and C. albrechti are distributed parapatrically in Japan, showing repeated asymmetrical introgression of mitochondria from C. albrechti to C. yamato. This pattern suggests that reproductive isolation between these species is strong, but incomplete and asymmetric (i.e.,
weaker for the cross between a C. albrechti female and a C. yamato male). To test this hypothesis, we conducted interspecific mating experiments in the laboratory. The estimates of total reproductive
isolation, which occurred mainly at the premating and postmating/prezygotic stages, were high (isolation index = 0.964 for
C. yamato female × C. albrechti male and 0.886 for the reciprocal cross), supporting the hypothesis of strong, but incomplete isolation. However, the observed
difference between the reciprocal crosses was not sufficiently large to conclude that it caused directional introgression
of mitochondria. Instead, we found asymmetry in individual isolating barriers in the postmating/prezygotic stages that coincided
with the prediction, perhaps resulting from morphological mismatch of heterospecific genitalia. Although this asymmetry was
compensated for by an inverse asymmetry of isolation in the postzygotic stage, the contribution of these individual barriers
to total isolation may change for our expectation when considering females mating with multiple heterospecific males. |
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Keywords: | Hybridization Lock-and-key Mitochondria Ohomopterus Speciation |
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