Analysis of the biosynthetic process of cellulose and curdlan using C-labeled glucoses |
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Authors: | Akira Kai and Takaaki Arashida Kenichi Hatanaka and Toshihiro Akaike Kei Matsuzaki Tohru Mimura and Yutaro Kaneko |
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Institution: | Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-03, Japan Faculty of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midoriku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 227, Japan Faculty of Enginering, University of Tokyo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113, Japan Ajinomoto Co., Ltd., Kyobashi, Chuoku, Tokyo 104, Japan |
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Abstract: | In order to elucidate the biosynthetic process of cellulose and curdlan, 13C-labeled polysaccharides were biosynthesized by Acetobacter xylinum (IFO 13693) and Agrobacterium sp. (ATCC 31749), from culture media containing
-(1-13C)glucose,
-(2-13C)glucose,
-(4-13C)glucose, or
-(6-13C)glucose as the carbon source, and their structures were determined by 13C NMR spectroscopy. The labeling was mainly found in the original position, indicating direct polymerization of introduced glucoses. In addition, the transfer of labeling from C-2 to C-1, C-3 and C-5, from C-4 to C-1, C-2 and C-3, and from C-6 to C-1 was found in celluloses. In curdlan, the transfer of labeling from C-1 to C-3, from C-2 to C-1 and C-3, from C-4 to C-1, C-2 and C-3, and from C-6 to C-1 and C-3 was observed. From analysis of this labeling, the biosynthetic process of cellulose and curdlan was explained as involving six routes. The percentages of each route via which cellulose or curdlan is biosynthesized were estimated for upper (C-1 to C-3) and lower portions (C-4 to C-6) of glucosidic units in the polysaccharides. It is noted that very few polysaccharides are formed via the Embden-Meyerhof pathway. The lower half (C-4 to C-6) structure of introduced glucoses is well preserved in the polysaccharides. |
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