低温预处理影响籼稻花药培养效率的研究

低温预处理使籼稻花药在培养初期退化花粉百分率低于对照;多核花粉百分率明显高于对照。经过低温预处理的花药来见新的可溶性蛋白谱带出现;淀粉酶同工酶谱带少和弱于对照,过氧化物酶同工酶中碱性区活性初期弱而后期强于对照。低温处理使药壁组织衰退进程有所延缓,但未能制止衰退,也未出现如粳稻中所见的药壁细胞充实发育的现象。低温预处理只能稍微延缓籼稻药壁组织的衰退进程,有限度地促进籼稻花药培养效率。

EFFECTS OF COLD PRETREATMENT ON THE EFFICIENCY OF INDICA RICE ANTHER CULTURE

Investigations on the morphological and biochemical changes of indica rice(Oryza sativa subsp. indica cv Guanlu-ai 4) anther wall tissue and pollen grainswere carried out during the cold-pretreated,initial stage of anther culture.Cold pretreatment delayed the degeneration of microspores and increasedmultinuclear pollen grains to a certain extent at the initial stage of culture. Thenumber of bonds in soluble protein pattern decreased faster, the amount and activitiesof amylase isozymes were lesser and the activities of peroxidase isozymes in alkalinezone were weaker in pretreated anthers than in the control at the initial stage ofculture.Even if cold pretreatment could somewhat delay the degeneration of indicarice anther wall tissue and microspores, it could not stop it, so that after five daysof culture both pretreated and control pollens degenerated rapidly and 95% ofthem died off before the tenth day. The difference between indica and japonicnrice anther culture influenced by cold pretreatment has been compared.