Secondary buds in Scots pine trees infested with <Emphasis Type="Italic">Gremmeniella abietina</Emphasis> |
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Authors: | Gunnhild Søgaard Halvor Solheim Øystein Johnsen |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management,Norwegian University of Life Sciences,?s,Norway;2.Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute,?s,Norway |
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Abstract: | In winter 2000–2001, there was a serious outbreak of Gremmeniella abietina Morelet in southeastern Norway. During the outbreak, we noted that injured Scots pine trees (Pinus sylvestris L.) developed secondary buds in response to the fungus attack, and we decided to study the relationship between injury, appearance
of secondary buds and recovery of the trees thereafter. For this purpose, 143 trees from 10 to 50 years of age were chosen
and grouped into crown density classes. Injury was assessed in detail, and buds were counted before bud burst in the spring
of 2002. In addition, a subset of 15 trees was followed through the summer of 2002 to assess recovery. All injured trees developed
secondary buds, with a clear overweight of dormant winter buds in proportion to interfoliar buds. Healthy control trees did
not develop secondary buds at all. The secondary buds appeared predominantly on the injured parts of the tree; interfoliar
buds in particular developed just beneath the damaged tissue. Most of the secondary buds died during the winter of 2001–2002,
mainly because the fungus continued to spread after the first outbreak. Many of the remaining buds developed shoots with abnormal
growth during the summer. Secondary buds may help trees to recover from Gremmeniella attacks, but this strategy may fail when the fungus continues to grow and injure the newly formed buds and shoots. |
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Keywords: | Pinus sylvestris Brunchorstia dieback Dormant winter bud Interfoliar bud Crown density |
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