酸雨对翅荚木的生理反应及其机理的研究

本文指出了酸雨对翅荚木细胞透性、pH值、等电点、耐酸力均有显著的影响。其影响是随酸雨pH值的下降和浸没时间的延长而增加。发芽种子的抗坏血酸氧化酶、多酚氧化酶的活性,呼吸强度和可溶性糖、粗脂肪和蛋白质的含量,也是随酸雨pH值的下降而降低。叶绿素总量、叶绿素a,b和a/b的比值,pH 5处理与对照无差异,低于pH4以下的处理叶绿素a含量则大幅度减少。叶绿素b含量则较稳定。根系的活力也是随酸雨pH值下降而急剧减少。酸雨对翅荚木种子的发芽率、出苗率及胚和幼苗的生长,都表现有不同程度的抑制效应,酸雨对叶片的伤害,也是随酸雨pH值的降低、喷洒次数的增多和浸没时间的延长而加重。

STUDY ON PHYSIOLOGICAL REACTION OF Zenia insignis Chun to ACID RAIN AND IT'S MECHANISM

Zenia insignis chun reaction to acid rain has been studied by the means of soaking seed, spraying seedling and immersing branches and leaves, to show the physiological index on respiration, cellular permeability of root, stem, leaf of seedling, pH value of cell, plasma isoelectric point and acid-resisting power of cell, respiration, enzyme activity, as well as to show the effect on seed germination, seedling gro- wth and harm state of plant. There are abvious impact on cellular permeability, pH value of cell, iso-electric point and acid-resisting power of cell of (?)enia insignis chun by acid rain. The impact would increased by the fall of pH value of cell and the prolongation of soaking and immersing.The activity of ascorbic acid oxidase and polyphenaloxidase, respiration, and content of soluble sugar, crude fat, protein of germinative seed would be reduced by the fall of pH value of acid rain.Treating on pH_5, in the total content of chlorophyll, there is no difference by compare chlorophyll a with chlorophyll b and a/b. Treating on the cell below pH_4,the content of chlorophyll a would be reduted greatly, and it is rather stable on the content of chlorophyll b. The activity of root system would be reduced by the fall of pH value of acid rain.To the seed of Zenia insignts chun, acid rain has different check impact on the rate of germination ,emergence and the growth of embryo and seedling. Leaf harm would be intensified as pH value of acid rain reduced, and the times of spraying increased, time of immersing prol nged.Therefore, We consider that H~+ in acid rain is the main cause that lead to harm of plant. Cellular permeability, pH value of cell and cellular iso-electric point can be able to look as physiological index of degree of harm.