不同能源条件下中度嗜热嗜酸细菌多样性分析

采用黄铁矿、黄铜矿、硫酸亚铁和硫粉混合物作为主要能源物质在50°C条件下分别培养中度嗜热细菌混合物,研究其细菌多样性。提取细菌基因组总DNA,采用PCR结合限制性酶切片段多态性分析(RFLP)方法进行细菌16SrRNA基因的系统发育分析,比较不同能源条件下富集培养的混合细菌群落构成的差异。从3个培养物中共获得阳性克隆303个并进行RFLP分析,对29种不同酶切谱型的克隆插入序列进行测定和系统发育分析。大部分序列与已报道的浸矿微生物16SrRNA序列相似性较高(89.1%~99.7%),归属于硫化叶菌属的耐温氧化硫化杆菌(Sulfobacillus thermotolerans)和热氧化硫化杆菌(Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans),嗜酸硫杆菌属的喜温硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus caldus),钩端螺旋菌属的嗜铁钩端螺旋菌(Leptospirillumferriphilum)以及unculturedforest soil bacterium、uncultured proteobacterium。其中Acidithiobacillus caldus,Sulfobacillus thermotolerans,Leptospirillumferriphilum3种细菌为三类能源物质培养物中的优势细菌类群。L.ferriphilum在黄铁矿培养体系(53.8%)和硫酸亚铁和硫粉为能源的培养体系中(45.9%)中丰度最高;在以黄铜矿为能源物质的培养体系中,S.thermotolerans的比例大幅上升(70.1%)。关键词:中度嗜热细菌;生物多样性;生物浸矿;喜温硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus caldus);耐温氧化硫化杆菌(Sulfobacillus thermotolerans);嗜铁钩端螺旋菌(Leptospirillumferriphilum)

Bacterial diversity analysis of moderately thermophilic microflora enriched by different energy sources

Bacterial biodiversities of three moderately thermophilic bioleaching microfloras grown at 50 degrees C on media with pyrite, chalcopyrite, and pure ferrous iron supplemented with sulfur as energy sources were investigated respectively. The 16S rRNA genes of the microorganisms in the cultures flasks were PCR amplified and cloned to identify the bacterial species by comparative sequence analysis, the structural differences of microfloras enriched by different energy sources were compared. A total of 303 clones were recovered and evaluated by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Cluster analysis identified 29 unique RFLP patterns, and the inserted 16S rRNA genes sequences were determined and for phylogenetic analysis. Most of sequences obtained were similar (89.1%-99.7%) to the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the reported bioleaching microorganisms. The species identified from the flasks during bioleaching of pyrite, pure ferrous iron supplemented with sulfur, and chalcopyrite were closely related to Acidithiobacillus caldus, Sulfobacillus thermotolerans, Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans, Leptospirillum ferriphilum, two uncultured forest soil bacterium clones and one uncultured proteobacterium clone. Among these bacteria, Acidithiobacillus caldus, Sulfobacillus thermotolerans and Leptospirillum ferriphilum were the dominant bacterial species. L. ferriphilum was the most dominant species in microfloras enriched in media with pyrite and ferrous iron supplemented with sulfur as energy sources, the abundance were 53.8% and 45.9% respectively. In the culture with chalcopyrite as energy sources, S. thermotolerans had the highest abundance of 70.1%.