Production of organic acids by Corynebacterium glutamicum under oxygen deprivation

Under oxygen deprivation, aerobic Corynebacterium glutamicum produce organic acids from glucose at high yields in mineral medium even though their proliferation is arrested. To develop a new, high-productivity bioprocess based on these unique features, characteristics of organic acid production by C. glutamicum under oxygen deprivation were investigated. The main organic acids produced from glucose under these conditions were lactic acid and succinic acid. Addition of bicarbonate, which is a co-substrate for anaplerotic enzymes, increased the glucose consumption rate, leading to increased organic acid production rates. With increasing concentration of bicarbonate, the yield of succinic acid increased, whereas that of lactic acid decreased. There was a direct correlation between cell concentration and organic acid production rates even at elevated cell densities, and productivities of lactic acid and succinic acid were 42.9 g l⁻¹ h⁻¹ and 11.7 g l⁻¹ h⁻¹, respectively, at a cell concentration of 60 g dry cell l⁻¹. This cell-recycling continuous reaction demonstrated that rates of organic acid production by C. glutamicum could be maintained for at least 360 h.