青草鲢鳙四种鱼同工酶的比较研究

采用聚丙烯酰氨垂直板状连续电泳方法，对青草鲢鳙６种组织、１０种同工酶和蛋白质进行了电泳研究，并结合作者以前做的工作，对所研究的共２１种同工酶和蛋白质在４种鱼中的组织分布，位点表达及活性作了分析和总结。结果表明：４种鱼同工酶的种内组织分布差异大于种间差异；ＡＤＨ、ＡＭＹ、ＣＡＴ、ＥＳＴ、ＭＥ、ＰＯＸ、ＳＤＨ存在不同程度的种间差异，可作为种类的遗传标记；４种鱼ＭＤＨ、ＧＯＴ、ＡＬＰ、ＡＯ、ＳＯＤ同工酶谱非常相似，只在活性上略有差异；ＬＤＨ、Ｇ６ＰＤＨ和ＣＯＸ的酶谱特征可作为青草和鲢鳙两个亚科的鉴别标记。

Comparative Studies on Isozymes of Black Carp, Grass Carp, Silver Carp and Bighead Carp

By using vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, 10 isozymes and protein in six tissues from black carp, grass carp, silver carp and bighead carp were studied. Combining with authors' previous studies, the tissue distribution, loci expression and activities of 21 isozymes and protein in six tissues of the four fishes were analysed and summarized. The results showed that the difference within species was greater than that of among species; ADH, AMY, CAT, EST, ME, POX, SDH had some differences among the four species and can be used as the species genetic mark. Except a little difference in enzyme activities, MDH, GOT, ALP, AO, SOD had nearly no difference among the four fishes. The electrophoretogram chacteristics of LDH, G6PDH and COX can be employed as the marks distinguished the Leuciscinae and Hypophthalmichthyinac.