不同含水率饲料对黑水虻生长发育的影响及其对饲料的转化特征研究

饲料的含水率是影响黑水虻生长发育及其对饲料养分转化的重要因素，本研究旨在探究黑水虻生物转化过程中饲料最佳含水率。将3龄黑水虻幼虫接入含水率为40%、50%、60%、70%、80%的饲料中，每隔3 d记录黑水虻的体重，至预蛹数达总数的50%时结束试验，计算预蛹历期、预蛹总产量及有效转化率，测定黑水虻及饲料残渣养分及总能。结果发现：1）黑水虻预蛹总产量及其对饲料的有效转化率随水分含量升高而线性增加，在80%水分下达到最大值。2）黑水虻在70%水分下最先预蛹，预蛹历期为14 d。3）黑水虻体内CP含量随水分含量增加而线性下降，EE、GE含量随水分增加线性上升。4）黑水虻对饲料GE的代谢消耗率在60%水分下最高，而在80%水分下对饲料养分的累积量最高。因此，生产中为了高效运转黑水虻生物转化体系，应根据生产目的调节饲料水分以获取最大效益。

Growth and development and utilizing transformation characteristics with diet under different moisture content of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens)

The moisture content of diet is an important factor that affects the growth and development as well as their utilization for nutrients of larvae of black soldier fly. Studies were performed to determine the optimum moisture content of diet for larvae.The 3rd instar larvae were inoculated into diet with moisture of 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80%. The larvae were sampled to weight about every 3 days until the experiment were terminated.Once 50% of the larvae reached the prepupal stage, experiment ceased.The prepupal stage, yield and effective conversion rate were calculated, and nutrients and gross energy of the larvae and residues were determined. The results were showed as follow: 1) The yields and effective conversion rate of larvae affected by moisture content of diet, larvae at 80% moisture developed the fastest and had the greatest effective conversion rate to the prepupal stage. 2) Larvae at 70% moisture spent shortest time reaching prepupal stage (14 days). 3) The CP in larvae decreased linearly with the increasing of feed moisture, but the EE and GE increased linearly in the same situation.4) The metabolism of larvae on GE of diet was highest at 60% moisture, while the accumulation of nutrients was highest at 80% moisture. In conclusion, moisture serves a role in black soldier fly rearing, in order to operate the black soldier fly biotransformation system efficiently, it is important to regulate the moisture of diet based on production purpose in industrialization