全球降水格局变化下土壤氮循环研究进展

自然和人为因素导致全球降水格局发生改变，降水变化势必影响土壤氮循环，从而影响陆地生态系统生产力和多样性，然而不同降水变化类型对土壤氮循环的影响仍然缺乏足够的认识。因此，本文综合分析了全球和我国降水格局变化特征，简要介绍了6种降水格局变化下土壤氮循环的研究方法（长期降水固定观测、野外降水控制实验、自然降水梯度、室内培养、模型和遥感），系统综述了3种降水变化类型（降水波动、干旱、干湿交替），以及降水与温度、氮沉降等交互作用对土壤氮循环影响的研究进展与存在的问题，并展望了未来研究方向，为评估和预测未来降水变化对陆地生态系统功能的影响提供理论依据。

Research advances in the soil nitrogen cycle under global precipitation pattern change

Natural and human factors have led to the global precipitation pattern changes, which will influence the soil nitrogen cycle processes, and the production and biodiversity of the terrestrial ecosystems. However, the impact of different types of precipitation on soil nitrogen cycle is still insufficiently understood. Therefore, we briefly introduce the global and China precipitation changes, as well as six research methods of soil nitrogen cycle under the change of precipitation pattern (long-term precipitation observation, field precipitation control experiment, natural precipitation gradient, indoor cultivation, model and remote sensing). Furthermore, we summarize the effects of three types of precipitation change (precipitation variation, drought and drying-rewetting event) and the interaction effects between precipitation and other climatic factors, including temperature and nitrogen deposition, on the soil nitrogen cycle, respectively. Finally, we analyze the problems in this field and provide recommendations for what the research directions are in the future. This review will improve assess and predict the response of terrestrial ecosystem functions to the potential precipitation change.