Cell cycle analysis and DNA aneuploidy in autoimmune mice homozygous for the lpr and gld mutations.

Homozygosity for either of the mutations lpr (lymphoproliferation) or gld (generalized lymphoproliferative disease) in mice results in lymphoproliferation and autoimmune disease. To investigate the site and time of excessive lymphocyte proliferation in these mice, cell nuclei of normal and mutant mice of various ages were stained with propidium iodide and DNA profiles were analyzed by flow cytometry. Two major results were obtained. First, DNA aneuploidy was observed in the lymph nodes and spleen of these autoimmune mice and the cells involved in DNA aneuploidy were predominantly of a CD4-CD8- Thy-1- surface phenotype. Second, although DNA aneuploidy became apparent in mutant mice at 2 mo of age, the numbers of cycling cells were only minimally increased over control levels at all ages tested. Thus, the massive cellular accumulation in the lymph nodes of lpr and gld mice does not seem ascribable solely to excess cell proliferation in these tissues. Moreover, a previously unrecognized cell compartment (CD4-CD8-Thy-1-) characterized by apparent DNA aneuploidy appears in the same tissues and at the same times that the predominant "double negative" (CD4-CD8-Thy-1+) T cell subset accumulates.