Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas among males of the three largest Asian diasporas in the US, 2004–2013 |
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| Institution: | 1. Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1603 W. Taylor St., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA;2. Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 808 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA;3. Department of Otolaryngology and Communicative Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA;4. School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-083 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 11405 87 Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada;1. Institute for Cancer Epidemiology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany;2. Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, København, Denmark;1. Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda;2. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States;3. Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya;4. Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya;5. University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States;6. Masaka Regional Referral Hospital, Masaka, Uganda;7. Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Mbarara, Uganda;8. Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States;1. Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom;2. Research Unit for General Practice, Research Centre for Cancer Diagnosis in Primary Care (CaP), Bartholin’s Allé 2, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark;1. Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA;2. Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes and Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;1. Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Germany;2. Charité-Universistätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Germany;3. Charité-Univesristätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology (iBiKE), Germany;4. St. Anna Kinderspital Vienna, Austria;5. University Hospital Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;6. University Hospital Ostrava, Czech Republic;7. University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic;8. Medical University Bialystok, Poland;9. University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic;10. Medical University Graz, Austria;11. University of Lucerne, Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, Switzerland;12. Medical University Wroclaw, Poland;13. Kepler Universitätsklinikum GmbH, Linz, Austria;14. Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Applied Nursing Science, St. Gallen, Switzerland;15. Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany;1. N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Kashirskoye shosse 24, 115478, Moscow, Russia;2. International Prevention Research Institute, Espace Européen d’Ecully, Bâtiment G Allée Claude Debussy, 69130, Lyon ouest Ecully, France |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundHead and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) have not been fully examined in the Asian diasporas in the US, despite certain Asian countries having the highest incidence of specific HNSCCs.MethodsNational Cancer Database was used to compare 1046 Chinese, 887 South Asian (Indian/Pakistani), and 499 Filipino males to 156,927 Non-Hispanic White (NHW) males diagnosed with HNSCC between 2004?2013. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the association of race/ethnicity with two outcomes – site group and late-stage diagnosis. Temporal trends were explored for site groups and subsites.ResultsSouth Asians had a greater proportion of oral cavity cancer OCC] compared to NHWs (59 % vs. 25 %; ORadj =7.3 (95 % CI: 5.9–9.0)). In contrast, Chinese (64 % vs. 9%; ORadj =34.0 (95 % CI: 26.5–43.6)) and Filipinos (47 % vs. 9%; ORadj =10.0 (95 % CI: 7.8–12.9)) had a greater proportion of non-oropharyngeal cancer compared to NHWs. All three Asian subgroups had a higher likelihood of being diagnosed by age 40 (14 % Chinese, 10 % South Asian and 8% Filipino compared to 3% in NHW; p < 0.001). Chinese males had lower odds of late-stage diagnosis, compared to NHWs. South Asian cases doubled from 2004 to 2013 largely due to an increase in OCC cases (34 cases in 2004 to 86 in 2013).ConclusionAsian diasporas are at a higher likelihood of specific HNSCCs. Risk factors, screening and survival need to be studied further, and policy changes are needed to promote screening and to discourage high-risk habits in these Asian subgroups. |
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| Keywords: | Head and neck cancer Asians Oral cancer Oropharyngeal cancer Nasopharyngeal cancer Laryngeal cancer |
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