Influence of some metal concentrations on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and concentrations of vitamin E and SH-groups in the digestive gland and gills of the freshwater bivalve Unio tumidus from the Serbian part of Sava River |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia;2. Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;1. Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2. College of Physical Education, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China;1. National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China;2. Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient, Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Hunan, Changde, 415000, China;1. Environmental Science Center (ESC), Qatar University, Doha, Qatar;2. Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, PO. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar;3. Maersk Oil Research and Technology Centre, Doha, Qatar;1. Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China;2. Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, China |
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| Abstract: | We examined whether the freshwater bivalve Unio tumidus from the Sava River can serve as a bioindicator organism for long-term biomonitoring of river ecosystems for the presence of metal pollutants. To this end, we assessed in the digestive glands and gills of mussels, changes in activity of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR), the phase II biotransformation enzyme glutathione-S-transferase (GST)), and changes in the concentrations of the non-enzymatic components of the antioxidant system (vitamin E and sulfhydryl groups (-SH), after exposure to metals in the environment. Mussels were collected at four sites where the concentrations of dissolved metals (Cu, Cd, Zn, Fe, Mn, Hg, Ni, As, Pb) were quantified. Cu, Ni and As exerted concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on CAT and GST activities. Increasing concentrations of Cd promoted increases in GSH-Px activity and -SH concentration. In response to increased Zn concentration GR activity increased whereas Fe promoted decreased enzymatic activity. Negative correlations between the concentrations of Cu and Cd and vitamin E, and a positive correlation between Mn and vitamin E concentrations were detected. The described correlations between components of the antioxidant system and metal levels in the environment reveal a high physiological sensitivity of freshwater mussels to pollution, supporting their use in biomonitoring of metal contamination in river ecosystems. |
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| Keywords: | Antioxidant enzymes Biomarkers Digestive gland Gills Metals Oxidative stress |
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