Composition and significance of picophytoplankton in Antarctic waters |
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Authors: | Simon W Wright Akira Ishikawa Harvey J Marchant Andrew T Davidson Rick L van den Enden Geraldine V Nash |
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Institution: | (1) Australian Antarctic Division, 203 Channel Highway, Kingston, TAS, 7050, Australia;(2) Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, Private Box 80, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia;(3) Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurima-machiya-cho, Tsu Mie, 514-8507, Japan;(4) Present address: Department of Earth and Marine Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia |
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Abstract: | Filter fractionated picophytoplankton from Antarctic coastal waters (summer 2001) represented only 7–33% of total phytoplankton,
even though total stocks were low (average Chl a = 0.32 μg l−1, range = 0.13–1.03 μg l−1). Though all cells passed a 2 μm filter, electron microscopy revealed most cells were over 2 μm, principally Parmales, Phaeocystis sp., and small diatoms. CHEMTAX analysis of HPLC pigment data suggested type 8 haptophytes (e.g. Phaeocystis sp. plus Parmales and pelagophytes) contributed 7–58% of picoplanktonic chlorophyll a, type 6 haptophytes (e.g. coccolithophorids) 18–59%, diatoms 0–18% (mostly type 2 diatoms, e.g. Pseudonitzschia sp., 0–15%), prasinophytes 0–17%, with cell fragments of cryptophytes 0–40%, and dinoflagellates 0–11%. Only stocks of type
8 haptophytes and prasinophytes differed significantly due to successional changes. Zeaxanthin concentrations exceeded estimates
from previous cyanobacterial counts and may derive from non-photosynthetic bacteria. |
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Keywords: | Picophytoplankton Phytoplankton Antarctic Pigments CHEMTAX Microscopy |
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