Morphogenesis of Rice and Arabidopsis Seedlings in Space |
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Authors: | Takayuki Hoson Kouichi Soga Ryuji Mori Mizue Saiki Kazuyuki Wakabayashi Seiichiro Kamisaka Shigeki Kamigaichi Sachiko Aizawa Izumi Yoshizaki Chiaki Mukai Toru Shimazu Keiji Fukui Masamichi Yamashita |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558–8585 Japan, JP;(2) Space Utilization Research Center, National Space Development Agency of Japan, Sengen, Tsukuba, 305–8505 Japan, JP;(3) Japan Space Forum, Hamamatsu-cho, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105–0013 Japan, JP;(4) Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, 229–8510 Japan, JP |
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Abstract: | Oryza sativa L.) and Arabidopsis (A. thaliana L.) were cultivated for 68.5 hr in the RICE experiment on board during Space Shuttle STS-95 mission, and changes in their
growth and morphology were analyzed. Microgravity in space stimulated elongation growth of both rice coleoptiles and Arabidopsis hypocotyls by making their cell walls extensible. In space, rice coleoptiles showed an inclination toward the caryopsis in
the basal region and also a spontaneous curvature in the same direction in the elongating region. These inclinations and curvatures
were more prominent in the Koshihikari cultivar compared to a dwarf cultivar, Tan-ginbozu. Rice roots elongated in various
directions including into the air on orbit, but two thirds of the roots formed a constant angle with the axis of the caryopsis.
In space, Arabidopsis hypocotyls also elongated in a variety of directions and about 10% of the hypocotyls grew into the agar medium. No clear
curvatures were observed in the elongating region of Arabidopsis hypocotyls. Such a morphology of both types of seedlings was fundamentally similar to that observed on a 3-D clinostat. Thus,
it was confirmed by the RICE experiment that rice and Arabidopsis seedlings perform an automorphogenesis under not only simulated but also true microgravity conditions.
Received 13 September 1999/ Accepted in revised form 12 October 1999 |
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Keywords: | : Arabidopsis Automorphogenesis Microgravity Morphology of seedling Rice Space STS-95 |
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