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Lessons,narratives, and research directions for a sustainable circular economy
Authors:Sina Leipold  Anna Petit-Boix  Anran Luo  Hanna Helander  Machteld Simoens  Weslynne S Ashton  Callie W Babbitt  Alba Bala  Catharina R Bening  Morten Birkved  Fenna Blomsma  Casper Boks  Alessio Boldrin  Pauline Deutz  Teresa Domenech  Navarro Ferronato  Alejandro Gallego-Schmid  Damien Giurco  Kersty Hobson  Roope Husgafvel  Cynthia Isenhour  Mait Kriipsalu  Donato Masi  Joan Manuel F Mendoza  Leonidas Milios  Monia Niero  Deepak Pant  Keshav Parajuly  Stefan Pauliuk  Marina P P Pieroni  Jessika Luth Richter  Michael Saidani  Marzena Smol  Laura Talens Peiró  Stijn van Ewijk  Walter J V Vermeulen  Dominik Wiedenhofer  Bing Xue
Institution:1. Department of Environmental Politics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany;2. Sostenipra, Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB) - Maria de Maeztu Excellence Center, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;3. Chair of Societal Transition and Circular Economy, University of Freiburg, Freiburg i. Br., Germany;4. Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA;5. Golisano Institute for Sustainability, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, USA;6. UNESCO Chair in Life Cycle and Climate Change of ESCI-UPF, Barcelona, Spain;7. Group for Sustainability and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;8. Department of Green Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark;9. Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Sciences, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany;10. Department of Design, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway;11. Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark;12. Department of Geography, Geology and Environment, University of Hull, Hull, UK;13. Institute for Sustainable Resources, University College London, London, UK;14. Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy;15. Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK;16. Professor of Resource Futures, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia;17. School of Geography and Planning, Cardiff University, Wales, UK;18. Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Finland;19. Department of Anthropology, Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Maine, USA;20. Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia;21. Aston Business School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK;22. Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain and Mondragon Unibertsitatea, Faculty of Engineering, Mechanics and Industrial Production, Mondragon, Gipuzkoa, Spain;23. International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics (IIIEE), Lund University, Lund, Sweden;24. Department of Planning, Research Group “Design for Sustainability,”, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark;25. Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium;26. Sustainable Cycles Programme (SCYCLE), United Nations University, Bonn, Germany;27. Chair of Industrial Ecology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg i. Br., Germany;28. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark;29. Industrial and Enterprise Systems Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA;30. Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland;31. Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, University College London (UCL), London, UK;32. Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, CB Utrecht, Netherlands;33. Institute of Social Ecology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria;34. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang City, China

Chair of Circular Economy and Recycling Technology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

Abstract:The current enthusiasm for the circular economy (CE) offers a unique opportunity to advance the impact of research on sustainability transitions. Diverse interpretations of CE by scholars, however, produce partly opposing assessments of its potential benefits, which can hinder progress. Here, we synthesize policy-relevant lessons and research directions for a sustainable CE and identify three narratives—optimist, reformist, and skeptical—that underpin the ambiguity in CE assessments. Based on 54 key CE scholars’ insights, we identify three research needs: the articulation and discussion of ontologically distinct CE narratives; bridging of technical, managerial, socio-economic, environmental, and political CE perspectives; and critical assessment of opportunities and limits of CE science–policy interactions. Our findings offer practical guidance for scholars to engage reflexively with the rapid expansion of CE knowledge, identify and pursue high-impact research directions, and communicate more effectively with practitioners and policymakers.
Keywords:industrial ecology  narratives  policy relevance  research agenda  science policy  sustainability
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