猿人洞的溶洞演化和堆积旋回与北京猿人生活环境

猿人洞的溶洞演化过程按岩溶洞穴发生发展规律可划分为６个阶段．在洞穴发育的填充过程中，依据堆积物的成因类型，猿人洞中的中更新世洞穴堆积层可分为７个堆积旋回．每个堆积旋回可与年代相当的黄土堆积旋回和深海气候旋回—一对应．堆积旋回所显示的气候和洞穴环境变化均与北京猿人生活环境及其旧石器文化的发展有着密切的关系．

EVOLUTIONAL PROCESS AND DEPOSITIONAL CYCLES OF PEKING MAN CAVE W RELATION TO THE LIVING ENVIRONMENTS OF PEKING MAN

Evolutional process of Peking Man Cave may by divided into six periods:penepain leveland karst funnels were formed in early pliocene (N);uplifting of the peneplain and formationof the vertical cave in late Plioccne(NI);filling in the lowermost fissures of the cave during theearly Pleistocene(Q1):Ievelling up the cave floor by deposition of the layers 13 11 in the eatlyperiod of Middle Pleistocene(Q);cave enlargement and filling by the collapse of the cave roofand its breccia deposits,from layer 10 to layer 3, duringthemiddle period of Middle Pleistocene(Q );collapse of the cave roof and its breccia filling up the cave during the layer 2 and the layerlwcrc formed in the late Middle Plcistoccne (Q ). In the filling process, the cave deposits, fromlayer 13 to layer 1, can be divided into seven dcpositional cycles. Each cycle corresponds to adlmatic cycle: The lower deposits of a cycle contain slit,clay and travertine depositod from underground flows indicating warm temperate semi humid dimate.The upper deposits ofa cyclecontain breccia and huge blocks that were formed by the collapse of the cave walls and roof indicating temperate semi arid climate.The seven cycles allow a correlation with theloess sequence S7 L2 and marinC Oxygen isotope stages 19 6 of the climatic cycles I C.Pekimg Man started to occupy the cave during level up the cave floor by the breccia deposition of the layer11,about 580 ka B. P.dwelled in eastern part of the cave and first used fire,about 530 ka B, P.;collapse of cave roofin the eastcrn part and moved to the westcrn part of the cave about 340 ka;left the cave during the collapse of the cave roof and breccia deposit of the layer 3. about 250 kaB.P.