二倍体石蒜在安徽发现

本文以根尖细胞为材料，观察了石蒜Lycoris radiata(L′Her．)Herb．三个不同居群植物的染色体数目和核型，发现石蒜为一复合体，包括两种不同类型：(1)三倍体类型，主要包括一群以鳞茎无性繁殖的园艺栽培植株，其染色体数目和核型为2n＝33=33t(st)，属“4A”核型，且极其稳定。(2)二倍体类型，主要包括一群野生植株，变异较大，我们发现有下列几种情况：一是芜湖产石蒜(L．radiata)的野生材料，其染色体数目和核型为2n=21+1B=1m+12st+8t+1B，属“3A”核型，在石蒜种内迄今未见有类似报道；另一是黄山产野生材料，观察到两个细胞型，绝大多数细胞为2n=22＝12st+1Ot，极个别细胞出现2n＝22+1B=6st+14t+2T+1B的情况，均属“4A”核型。芜湖和黄山野生材料的染色体数目和核型均为首次报道。石蒜(L．radiata)的二倍体类群也是首次在安徽发现。

THE DISCOVERY OF DIPLOID LYCORIS RADIATA (L'HER.) HERB.FROM ANHUI

Lycoris radiata (L'Her. ) Herb, containing wild and cultural types, is distributed in China and Japan. The karyotype variation in three populations of the species from Anhui is studied in this paper. (1) Wuhu wild population has a karyotype 2n = 21 lB=lm 12st 8t lB. The chromosomes range in length from 7. 50 to 14. 10 m with the ratio of the longest to the shortest 1. 88. The karyotype belongs to Stebbins' (1971) 3A. (2) Huang-shan wild population has two cytotypes: 2n = 22 and 2n = 22 lB. Type I : The karyotype formula is 2n = 22= 12st 10t. The chromosomes range in length from 6- 85 to 9. 95 /nm, with the ratio of the longest to the shortest 1. 45. The karyotype belongs to 4A. Type II : The karyotype formula is 2n = 22 lB=6st 14t 2T lB (plate 1: 7, 8). The chromosomes range in length from 6.50 to 11. 02 um, with the ratio of the longest to the shortest 1. 70. The karyotype belongs to 4A. (3) Wuhu cultural type has a karyotype 2n = 33 -30st 3t. The chromosomes range in length from 7.10 to 9. 35 um with the ratio of the longest to the shortest 1. 32. The karyotype belongs to 4A. This result agrees well with the previous reports. The diploid types of Lycoris radiata (L'Her.) Herb, are found in Anhui for the first time