分离纯化中蛋白质的不稳定性及其对策

分离纯化出高纯度有生物活性的蛋白质一直是一项艰巨的工作。在基因工程药物蛋白质的生产中,收率低和纯度低是亟待解决的关键问题。这里除了生物组份复杂、难以分离外,许多目标蛋白质自身活性的丧失也是一个重要原因。由于药物蛋白质昂贵的市场价格,回收率稍有提高就有可能带来巨大的经济效益,所以,有关蛋白质在分离纯化中的失活及其对策在近年来受到了极大的关注。1997年第十届欧洲生物技术大会上,蛋白质的稳定被单独列为一个专题。1999年在加拿大召开的第九届生物产品回收技术会议也对蛋白质的稳定性进行讨论。目前重点探索的是蛋白质失活的机制,采取相应的对策以保护活性,并在分离纯化中采用高效的分离纯化技术缩短操作周期,提高产物的活性回收率。

Instability of Proteins During Bioseparation and The Strategy For Anti-denaturation

Denaturation of proteins during bioseparation is a serious problem in biotechnology industry. The understanding of denaturation mechanism receives more and more research attention. Several factors influence the stability of proteins, including the internal structure and the environmental factors. Approaches to stabilize proteins against denaturation were discussed. Additions of stabilization reagents, utilization of mild separation conditions and inhibitions of protease activities are the current methods that proved to be useful. In addition, reducing the number of steps and integration of the process are also important.;