犬卵母细胞的体内成熟环境与体外成熟培养

犬(Canis familiaris)是生物医学研究的最重要模型动物之一.但由于生殖生理的特殊性,其卵母细胞的体外培养成熟率低,辅助生殖研究进展缓慢,严重制约了该动物在生物科学研究中的运用.在犬科动物体内,排卵前卵母细胞处于高浓度孕酮的卵泡环境中,在生发泡期排到输卵管内,并在此恢复和完成减数分裂.因此,犬卵母细胞体外成熟所需的条件不同于其他哺乳动物,目前主要采用以添加相关因子的M199作为培养液,但体外培养发育至MⅡ期的比率仅为15%～20%.所以,必须在了解犬卵母细胞体内成熟机制的基础上,建立一套类似于体内生理环境的体外成熟培养体系.本文在阐述犬卵母细胞体内成熟生理过程的基础上,对其体外成熟培养方法和影响因素的研究现状进行分析,为相关研究提供参考.

In Vivo Maturation and in Vitro Culture of Canine Oocytes

The domestic dog(Canis familiaris) is one of the most valuable model animals for biomedical research. However,the canine reproductive physiology differs from that of other mammalian species studied to date. The efficiency of in vitro oocyte maturation is very low in this species,which limits the use of canine in the biological research. In vivo,the canine oocytes are exposed to a high concentration of progesterone in the follicular environment before ovulation,and they are released at the germinal vesicle s...