Diversity of the human erythrocyte membrane sialic acids in relation with blood groups

The aim of the present study was to detect defective structural properties in bilayers of mitochondrial phospholipids after oxidative stress of isolated mitochondria in vitro, reportedly during respiration state IV. The structural behaviour of extracted phospholipids was studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometry in oriented phospholipid bilayers spin-labelled with 5-doxyl-lecithin, by detecting of the degree of EPR spectral anisotropy loss, indicative of the phospholipid bilayer packing order. Bilayers of phospholipids from untreated mitochondria showed the highest spectral anisotropy, hence highly ordered structure, while chemically oxidised phospholipid yielded almost completely disordered supported phospholipid bilayers. Samples from mitochondria after respiration state IV showed bilayer disorder increasing with oxidation time, while inclusion of the antioxidant resveratrol in the respiration medium almost completely prevented bilayer disordering. On the other hand, β-n-doxylstearoyl-lecithin spin-labelled mitochondria showed unchanged order parameter S at C positions 5, 12 and 16 after respiration state IV, confirming the insensitivity of this parameter to phospholipid oxidative stress. It is concluded that reactive oxygen species attack to the membrane affects lipid packing order more than fluidity, and that EPR anisotropy loss reveals oxidative damage to the bilayer better than the order parameter.