Lysophosphatidylcholine enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion via an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor |
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Authors: | Soga Takatoshi Ohishi Takahide Matsui Tetsuo Saito Tetsu Matsumoto Mitsuyuki Takasaki Jun Matsumoto Shun-Ichiro Kamohara Masazumi Hiyama Hideki Yoshida Shigeru Momose Kazuhiro Ueda Yoshitaka Matsushime Hitoshi Kobori Masato Furuichi Kiyoshi |
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Institution: | Institute for Drug Discovery Research, Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan. soga.takatoshi@yamanouchi.co.jp |
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Abstract: | A lysophospholipid series, such as lysophosphatidic acid, lysophosphatidylserine, and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), is a bioactive lipid mediator with diverse physiological and pathological functions. LPC has been reported to induce insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells, however, the precise mechanism has remained elusive to date. Here we show that an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor GPR119 plays a pivotal role in this event. LPC potently enhances insulin secretion in response to high concentrations of glucose in the perfused rat pancreas via stimulation of adenylate cyclase, and dose-dependently induces intracellular cAMP accumulation and insulin secretion in a mouse pancreatic beta-cell line, NIT-1 cells. The Gs-protein-coupled receptor for LPC was identified as GPR119, which is predominantly expressed in the pancreas. GPR119-specific siRNA significantly blocked LPC-induced insulin secretion from NIT-1 cells. Our findings suggest that GPR119, which is a novel endogenous receptor for LPC, is involved in insulin secretion from beta-cells, and is a potential target for anti-diabetic drug development. |
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Keywords: | G-protein-coupled receptor Lysophosphatidylcholine Insulin secretion Adenylate cyclase cAMP Pancreatic β-cell |
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