海南岛生态环境脆弱性评价

基于SOPAC和UNEP所建立的环境脆弱性评价方法，从风险、抵抗力、损害与退化3个方面构建了指标体系和综合指数，对海南岛生态环境脆弱性进行了评价.结果表明：海南岛的生态环境风险处于中等水平，其风险主要源于高强度的人类活动，包括强化农业、大众旅游业、采矿业以及岛上居民和游客所排放的大量固体废弃物等;较大的土地面积、较大的海拔变化幅度、完整的地理板块及丰富的生境类型等自然地理特征，赋予了海南岛较强的生态环境风险抵抗力，但受历史上人为和自然风险的累积影响，海南岛生态系统的损害与退化已较为严重，主要体现在土地退化和生物多样性的丧失等方面;综合考虑风险、抵抗力和损害与退化三方面因素，海南岛生态环境综合脆弱性处于中等水平，部分指标表现出很低的脆弱性，但另一些指标却表现出很高的脆弱性.

Assessment of eco-environmental vulnerability of Hainan Island, China.

Based on the assessment method of environmental vulnerability constructed by SOPAC and UNEP, this paper constructed an indicator system from three sub-themes including hazard, resistance, and damage to assess the eco-environmental vulnerability of Hainan Island. The results showed that Hainan Island was suffering a middling level eco-environmental hazard, and the main hazards came from some intensive human activities such as intensive agriculture, mass tourism, mining, and a mass of solid wastes thrown by islanders and tourists. Some geographical characters such as larger land area, larger altitude range, integrated geographical form, and abundant habitat types endowed Hainan Island higher resistance to environmental hazards. However, disturbed by historical accumulative artificial and natural hazards, the Island ecosystem had showed serious ecological damage, such as soil degradation and biodiversity loss. Comprehensively considered hazard, resistance, damage, and degradation, the comprehensive environmental vulnerability of the Island was at a middling level. Some indicators showed lower vulnerability, but some showed higher vulnerability.