青藏高原区域开发强度与生态安全的时空耦合演进

青藏高原是中国“三区四带”生态系统保护和修复重大工程的重要单元之一,兼顾其生态安全与区域合理开发是保障中国生态稳定的基础。阐释区域开发强度与生态安全的耦合机制,设计了两者关系的衡量体系,测算了2011—2020年青藏高原区域开发强度与生态安全耦合协调度与分型。研究结果表明：(1)研究期青藏高原区域开发强度不断增大,超过90%的市(州)增幅大于10%,以西宁、拉萨为“双核心”向外空间溢出速度加快,分别带动周边海西州和林芝等区域开发扩张;青藏高原各市(州)生态安全指数呈上升趋势,超过60%市(州)增幅大于10%,呈“中西部带状洼地、东部纵向组团”格局,且生态安全指数洼地向新疆南缘移动;(2)青藏高原各市(州)开发强度与生态安全耦合协调度2011—2020年间有不同程度提升,超过50%市(州)达到“轻度耦合”类,未有市(州)达到“优质耦合”类,但存在较多市(州)呈现开发强度或者生态安全滞后。(3)青藏高原区域开发强度与生态安全耦合协调的格局演进差异明显,逐步形成由西宁、巴音郭楞和拉萨-滇西地区(丽江、迪庆和怒江)三大组团逐渐向临近区域扩张,形成了“东高西低、多组团并列”格局。一定程度揭示了青...

Spatio-temporal coupling between regional development intensity and ecological security on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is one of the most important units of China''s "three regions and four belts" ecosystem protection and restoration projects, and balancing its ecological security and reasonable regional development is the basis for ensuring China''s ecological stability. The coupling mechanism between regional development intensity and ecological security is explained. The coordination degree and fractal of the coupling between regional development intensity and ecological security on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 2011 to 2020 was measured. The results show that:(1) the regional development intensity of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was increasing during the study period, with more than 90% of cities (states) increasing by more than 10%, and the spatial spillover from Xining and Lhasa as the double core was accelerating, leading to the expansion of the surrounding areas such as Haixi Prefecture and Linzhi, respectively. The ecological security index of each city (state) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was on the rise, with more than 60% of cities (states) increasing by more than 10%, showing a pattern of belt-like depression in the central and western parts and vertical grouping in the east. The depression of ecological security index was moving to the southern edge of Xinjiang. (2) The coordination degree of coupling development intensity and ecological security of each city (state) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau increased to different degrees between 2011 and 2020. More than 50% of the cities (states) reached the light coupling category, and no cities (states) reached the high quality coupling category, But there were many cities (states)lagging behind in terms of development intensity or ecological security. (3) The pattern of coupling and coordination between development intensity and ecological security on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau varied significantly, gradually forming three major groups from Xining, Bayingoleng and Lhasa-Western Yunnan (Lijiang, Diqing and Nujiang) gradually expanding to neighboring regions, forming a pattern of high in the east and low in the west, with multiple groups side by side. This paper reveals to a certain extent the correlation between the spatial and temporal distribution of regional development intensity and ecological security on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which can provide a basis for the regulation of human activities in the construction of ecological security barriers at the city (state) level on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.