Improvement of Citrus somatic embryo development by temporary immersion |
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Authors: | C Cabasson D Alvard D Dambier P Ollitrault C Teisson |
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Institution: | (1) C.I.R.A.D., Biotrop, Laboratoire de culture in vitro, B.P. 5035, 34032 Montpellier -, FRANCE;(2) C.I.R.A.D., Flhor, B.P. 5035, 34032 Montpellier -, FRANCE |
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Abstract: | Liquid medium improves and facilitates somatic embryo development from Citrus deliciosa Ten. suspension cultures. Three different
culture conditions were compared to determine a means of overcoming poor somatic embryo development. Somatic embryos derived
from suspension cultures were plated on solid medium, maintained in suspension culture or temporarily immersed. About 60%
of somatic embryos plated on solid medium developed to the cotyledonary stage, but were hyperhydric. Continuous growth in
suspension culture at 100 rpm hindered cotyledon and protoderm formation, and somatic embryos were unable to develop beyond
the globular stage. Temporary immersion promoted somatic embryo development, i.e. 66% of the somatic embryos produced were
cotyledonary, and were morphologically similar to nucellar embryos. This latter culture system also improved regeneration
synchronization by hampering secondary embryogenesis at the onset of germination. Irrespective of the culture system used,
most cotyledonary somatic embryos studied had no caulinary meristem or starch and protein reserves, thus explaining the low
germination rates obtained.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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Keywords: | Citrus deliciosa hyperhydricity liquid medium somatic embryogenesis willow-leaf mandarin |
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