临床肺炎链球菌常见序列型青霉素耐药性的流行病学研究

从菌种的水平研究和阐述临床分离的肺炎链球菌青霉素耐药机制存在一定的局限。为探讨以序列型(Sequence type,ST)为基础研究肺炎链球菌青霉素耐药机制的可行性,本研究分析了1997~2014年间北京常见STs肺炎链球菌488株和2015年重庆酉阳县、四川中江县常见STs菌株88株的青霉素最低抑菌浓度(Minimun inhibitory concentration,MIC)的分布及年份分布。结果显示北京分离株中除了ST342外,属于某一种ST的所有分离株的青霉素MIC值具有一定分布范围,或者<0.25 mg/L,或者≥0.25 mg/L。青霉素MIC <0.25 mg/L的分离株多分布于2001年以前,此年份后≥0.25 mg/L的分离株出现,并逐渐成为主要种群。但这个年份分布规律对于某一种ST并不明显,某一种ST在最初发现的几个年份中就具有不同青霉素MIC水平的分离株。重庆酉阳县和四川中江县常见STs型青霉素MIC分布于0.25~2.0 mg/L(≥0.25 mg/L),包括ST271、ST320和ST81。本研究从流行病学角度揭示了肺炎链球菌临床分离株常见STs的青霉素MIC值分布规律,支持以STs为基础研究其青霉素耐药机制。

Epidemiological study on the penicillin resistance of clinical Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates identified as the common sequence types

There were some limitation in the current interpretation about the penicillin resistance mechanism of clinical Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates at the strain level. To explore the possibilities of studying the mechanism based on the sequence types (ST) of this bacteria, 488 isolates collected in Beijing from 1997-2014 and 88 isolates collected in Youyang County, Chongqing and Zhongjiang County, Sichuan in 2015 were analyzed by penicillin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) distribution and annual distribution. The results showed that the penicillin MICs of the all isolates covering by the given ST in Beijing have a defined range, either <0.25 mg/L or≥0.25 mg/L, except for the ST342. The isolates with penicillin MIC <0.25 mg/L were mainly collected before 2001, after which the isolates with MIC≥0.25 mg/L occurred and became the major population gradually. This law of year distribution, however, was not obvious for any specific ST. The isolates covering by any given ST could be determined with different penicillin MICs in the first few years after it was identified. The penicillin MIC of isolates identified as common STs and collected in Youyang County, Chongqing and Sichuan Zhongjiang County, including the ST271, ST320 and ST81, was around 0.25~2 mg/L (≥0.25 mg/L). Our study revealed the epidemiological distribution of penicillin MICs of the given STs determined in clinical S. pneumoniae isolates, suggesting that it is reasonable to research the penicillin resistance mechanism based on the STs of this bacteria.