蜜环菌索发育的研究

利用光学和电子显徽镜对蜜环菌索的发育及其结构分化进行了较系统研究。菌索的顶端有保持细胞不断分裂的分生组织区。由此衍生的菌丝细胞组成菌索的初生结构，包括分化不明显的表皮、皮层及初生髓；初生髓细胞体积大，核同步分裂产生多核体细胞，以一个或几个核为单位在爵体细胞中分化出细长的菌丝后，可以出芽方式自母体细胞中伸出，并且一开始就有薄壁与厚壁之分，同一母体细胞中可同时产生这两类菌丝。发育后期母体细胞破裂形成菌索的髓，两类疏松菌丝分布在其中。观察了成熟菌索的结构和侧枝的形成过程。菌索侧枝起源于皮层细胞，该细胞横向分裂首先形成分枝原基，之后突破菌索壳而分化出新的菌索顶端。讨论了蜜环菌索在不同寄主中的侵染方式。

STUDIES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF RHIZOMORPH OF ARMILLARIA MELLEA

The development and structural differntiation of rhizomorph of Armil- laria mellea were studied systematically with light and electron microscope.The meristema- tic region was located at the apical center of rhizomorph,from which primary structure was derived.The primary structure included the young epiderm,cortex,and primary medulla which was composed of some large elliptic hyphae.Synchronous nuclear division usually took place in the primary medullary cell and formed cells with abundant nuclei.Then the narrow hyphae will be generated with one or several nuclei by streching out of the wall of parent cells. Both thin wall and thick wall of narrow hyphae could be produced in one parent cell.The wall of parent cells will break down to form a hollow center in mature rhizomorph,which was called medulla.Both of narrow hyphae distributed in it.The structure of mature rhi- zomorph and the branching process of rhizomorph were observed.New brbnches were derived from the cortical cells of parent rhizomorph.The cortical cells divided in cross direction to form the primordia of branch first,and then they protruded though the epiderm of parent rhi- zomorph to form a new apex of young rhizomorph.The infection ways of A.mellea in diffe- rent hosts were also discussed in this paper.