Discovery of 13-oxa prostaglandin analogs as antiglaucoma agents: Synthesis and biological activity |
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Authors: | Zixia Feng Mark R. Hellberg Najam A. Sharif Marsha A. McLaughlin Gary W. Williams Daniel Scott Tony Wallace |
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Affiliation: | 1. Medicinal Chemistry, Ophthalmic Products Research, Alcon Research Ltd., 6201 South Freeway, Mail code: R2-39, Fort Worth, TX 76134, USA;2. Molecular Pharmacology, Ophthalmic Products Research, Alcon Research Ltd., 6201 South Freeway, Mail code: R2-39, Fort Worth, TX 76134, USA;3. In Vivo Pharmacology, Ophthalmic Products Research, Alcon Research Ltd., 6201 South Freeway, Mail code: R2-39, Fort Worth, Texas 76134, USA |
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Abstract: | FP-Class prostaglandin analogs have demonstrated utility for the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension. A series of novel FP prostaglandin analogs was designed to optimize topical ocular activity and reduce ocular side-effects by replacing 13-carbon with oxygen. A facile synthesis was successfully developed for synthesis of the 13-oxa prostaglandins from the commercially available Corey aldehyde benzoate. Among the compounds synthesized, AL-16082 was the most potent prostaglandin FP agonist in vitro. In a prostaglandin FP receptor-linked second-messenger assay, phosphoinositide (PI) turnover, it exhibited a potency value (EC50) of 1.9 nM (78% max. response relative to fluprostenol). The isopropyl ester of AL-16082, compound AL-16049, significantly lowered intraocular pressure (IOP) in the ocular hypertensive monkey eyes by 30%. In the study of acute ocular irritation response in New Zealand albino rabbits, AL-16049 produced lower incidence of hyperemia, swelling, and discharge than PGF2α (1 μg), and a similar incidence of hyperemia, swelling, and discharge to latanoprost (1.8 μg). AL-16049 also produced no signs of ocular irritation or discomfort in the cat at the doses evaluated. |
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