城市化过程对河道系统的干扰与生态修复原则和方法

城市化快速发展在带来大量工业和生活污水的同时,对自然生态系统的干扰也打破了原来生态系统的结构和平衡,由此带来的生态环境影响已经引起人们的高度重视。本文系统分析了城市化过程对河道系统的干扰类型、特征,影响河道生态系统健康的关键过程和河道系统生态修复的基本原则和发展方向。认为城市河道系统受到的干扰主要体现在结构固结化、形态规整化和功能简单化3方面;影响河道生态系统健康的关键过程可归纳为3方面:物质交换通道的阻隔、生物栖息环境的破坏和河道生态水文过程的失衡。指出河道系统的生态修复应该遵循以下6个原则:1)道法自然原则;2)功能引导原则;3)时空尺度分异原则;4)生态循环与平衡原则;5)利益相关者参与原则;6)综合效益最优原则。在此基础上,进一步分析了河道系统生态修复的时空尺度和生态修复的方法以及发展方向。

Disturbances of urbanization to river course system and related ecological restoration principles and approaches

The rapid development of urbanization brings large volume of waste water to the environment,and its disturbances to natural ecosystem may break the structure and the balance of original ecosystems.Much attention has been paid on the resulted environmental effects,but how to restore a healthy river course system is still lacking scientific methodology.In this paper,the disturbance types and characteristics of urbanization on river course system,the key processes affecting river course system health,and relat...