纳米疫苗在肿瘤免疫疗法中的应用

近年来肿瘤免疫疗法成为癌症治疗领域的热点,其中结合肿瘤疫苗和纳米技术的纳米疫苗为肿瘤免疫疗法提供了新思路.纳米疫苗可以实现疫苗和佐剂的共载,且智能化的纳米载体进一步实现了抗原有效的靶向递送,促进了抗原的摄取和递呈,激活抗原特异性免疫应答,有效杀伤肿瘤细胞.本文就纳米疫苗的原理、优势、纳米材料的类型、临床疗效进行综述,为后期纳米疫苗的设计提供更可靠的参考依据.

Research Progress of Nanovaccine in Tumor Immunotherapy

In recent years, tumor immunotherapy has become a hot spot in the field of cancer treatment. Among them, nanovaccines combining tumor vaccines and nanotechnology provide new ideas for tumor immunotherapy. Nanovaccine can realize the co-loading of vaccine and adjuvant. The intelligent nanocarriers further realize the effective targeted delivery of antigen, promote the uptake and presentation of antigen, specifically activate antigen-specific immune response and effectively kill tumor cells. This article reviews the principles, advantages, types of nano materials, and clinical efficacy of nanovaccine to provide a more reliable reference for the design of nano-vaccine in the later stage.