In vitro reformation of the perichondrium from perichondrial-free Meckel's cartilages of the embryonic chick

Perichondria were removed from Meckel's cartilages of chick embryos of Hamburger and Hamilton stages 34, 38, or 39 (8, 12, or 13 days of incubation) and cultured, either at the air-medium interface or submerged, under standard organ culture conditions, for 7 to 21 days. Meckel's cartilages formed a new fibrous perichondrium by the 10th day of culture. Perichondria both formed earlier and were thicker in those cartilages cultured at the air-medium interface than in those cultured submerged. Histological and ultrastructural analysis indicated that the outermost layer of Meckelian chondrocytes dedifferentiated into fibrous cells to form the new fibrous perichondrium; i.e., the fibrous perichondrium can arise from superficial chondrocytes.