野鸦椿种子内源抑制物活性初探

以野鸦椿(Euscaphis japonica)种壳和胚为材料,甲醇浸提得到种壳浸提液和胚浸提液,配制浸提液浓度梯度为原浸提液浓度的10%、20%、30%、40%,研究不同浓度的种壳和胚浸提液对白菜、小麦、绿豆种子底物酶活性、发芽率、幼苗根长和苗高的影响,萃取和分离种壳和胚甲醇浸提液中的内源抑制物质,探讨野鸦椿种子内源抑制物质的活性与成分。结果表明:随着种壳和胚浸提液浓度的增加,白菜种子酸性磷酸酶活性和发芽率均显著降低(P0.05),表现为抑制作用递增,种壳的抑制作用小于胚,而幼苗的根长和苗高则表现为低促高抑,在10%浸提液处理下根长和苗高达最大值,种壳的促进效果弱于胚;小麦种子淀粉酶活性及幼苗的根长和苗高递减(P0.05),表现为抑制作用递增,而发芽率则在浓度≤20%时差异不明显(P0.05),浓度为30%时显著降低(P0.05),40%时发芽率为0,种壳的抑制作用大于胚;绿豆种子蛋白酶活性、发芽率、幼苗根长和苗高均在浸提液浓度≥20%时显著下降(P0.05),且种壳的作用效果小于胚。种子内源抑制物萃取及分离表明,外壳中含酚酸类较胚多,含碱类较胚少。综上认为,野鸦椿种壳和胚中均含有较高活性的内源抑制物,但性质、成分及含量存在差异,外壳内源抑制物主要作用对象为淀粉类物质,胚乳内源抑制物主要作用于油脂类和蛋白类物质。

Preliminary study of endogenous inhibitors activity of Euscaphis japonica seeds

We studied the substrate enzyme activity, germination rate, seedling root length and seedling height of Brassica pekinensis seeds, Triticum aestivum seeds and Vigna radiate seeds, through the methanol extract the shell and embryo of Euscaphis japonica, with different original extract concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% and extracted and separated the endogenous inhibitors in methanol leaching liquid of shell and embryo, the activity and ingredients of endogenous inhibitors in Euscaphis japonicaseeds. The results showed that with the increase of leaching solution concentration, the acid phosphatase activity and germination rate of Brassica pekinensis seeds significantly decreased(P<0.05), the inhibitory effects were showed increasing, and the inhibitory effects of shell were less than that of embryo; the root length and seedling heights promotion in low concentrations and inhibitory in high concentrations, and the maximum at the concentration of 10%, the promotion of shell less than embryo. The amylase activity, germination rate, root length and seedling height of Triticum aestivum seeds decreased gradually(P<0.05), the inhibitory effects were showed increasing gradually, while the germination rate was not significantly different at the concentration less than 20%(P>0.05)and it significantly decreased at 20% concentration(P<0.05), it was 0 at 40% concentration, the inhibitory effects of shell were than that of embryo. The protease activity, germination rate and seedling root length and shoot height of Vigna radiata seeds significantly decreased in the leaching solution concentration higher than 20%(P<0.05), and the effects of shell less than embryo. The results of extraction and separation of endogenous inhibitors showed that there were more phenolic acids and less alkaloids in shell than in embryo. It was concluded that high activating endogenous inhibitors existed in shell and embryo of Euscaphis japonica, which showed differences on properties, composition and content. Endogenous inhibitors in shell were mainly starchy materials, which in embryo mainly affected oil and protein materials.