Coupled reductive and oxidative degradation of 4-chloro-2-nitrophenol by a co-immobilized mixed culture system |
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Authors: | Jürgen Beunink Hans-Jürgen Rehm |
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Institution: | (1) Institut für Mikrobiologie, Universität Münster, Corresstrasse 3, D-4400 Münster, Federal Republic of Germany;(2) Present address: Bayer AG, PH-P VE Biochemie, Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 217, D-5600 Wuppertal, Federal Republic of Germany |
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Abstract: | Summary The restriction of oxygen transfer in Ca-alginate beads used for the immobilization of microbial cells was applied to a coupled reductive and oxidative microbial degradation of the xenobiotic 4-chloro-2-nitrophenol (CNP). The conversion of CNP by Enterobacter cloacae under anaerobic conditions led to the formation of 4-chloro-2-aminophenol (CAP, 81%) and 4-chloro-2-acetaminophenol (CAAP, 16%) after 50 h incubation. CAP, the main reduction product, was further degraded under aerobic conditions by Alcaligenes sp. TK-2, a hybrid strain isolated by conjugative in-vivo gene transfer. Whereas both degradation steps excluded one another in homogeneous systems with free cells, a coupled reductive and oxidative degradation of CNP was observed in one aerated reactor system after co-immobilization of both strains in Ca alginate. The diameter of the alginate beads used for immobilization was recognized as one main factor determining the properties of this mixed culture system.
Offprint requests to: H.-J. Rehm |
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