How cellular membranes can regulate microtubule network |
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Authors: | I B Brodsky E S Nadezhdina |
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Institution: | 1.Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics,Lomonosov Moscow State University,Moscow,Russia;2.Institute of Protein Research,Russian Academy of Sciences,Moscow,Russia |
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Abstract: | Microtubule array in eukaryotic cells supports directed transport of various cargoes driven by motor proteins. The arrangement
of microtubules in cytoplasm is not stochastic; they are organized in a certain way setting a system of coordinates for intracellular
transport. Most cultured fibroblast-like cells possess a radial microtubule array with the minus ends of microtubules gathered
on the centrosome and plus ends directed towards the periphery of the cell. Mechanisms that regulate the formation of radial
microtubule system remain unclear. Usually centrosome works as a microtubule-organizing center; however, the radial system
of microtubules can be formed without centrosome participation. At least in some cases microtubule network can be organized
by dynein-dynactin complexes associated with membrane vesicles. Membrane vesicles can nucleate microtubules, anchor them and
move along them. However, the role of membrane organelles in microtubule organization began to attract attention of researches
only recently. It this review we summarize the data indicating that membrane organelles can organize microtubules, providing
“tracks” for their subsequent transport. |
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