沙地樟子松人工林营林技术研究进展

人工林能否实现可持续经营与其营林技术息息相关。中国造林与世界各地一样，纯林多．树种单调．发生的问题也相似。自20世纪90年代以来，沙地樟子松人工林出现了不同程度的衰退现象．但目前在我国北方干旱、半干旱风沙地区樟子松人工造林仍在大面积推广．因此，为实现樟子松人工林的可持续经营，总结并探讨樟子松人工林营林技术显得尤为重要。本文在广泛收集国内外有关樟子松研究的基础上，综述了近20年来有关樟子松在造林和经营方面的研究进展，主要包括造成樟子松沙地造林成活率和保存率低的原因、提高造林成活率的技术方法、种子的生产、密度管理、栽培模式以及问伐与更新等，提出了在沙地樟子松造林与经营研究中亟待解决的一些问题和建议．对今后樟子松沙地人工林衰退研究及经营实践具有参考价值。

Silviculture of Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica ) plantations on sandy land

Sustainable forest management is directly related to silvicultual activities.Achievements of afforestation in China are world famous,while,with the development of afforestation,some worrying events have turned out.For example,the monoculture of pure stands has caused gradual decrease of stand growth,and led to the loss of biological diversity,disequilibrium of forest ecosystem and the occurrence of disasters.As a valuable conifer tree species,Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica) has become a major tree species and been broadly introduced to sandy land in the arid and semi-arid area of northern,northwestern and northeastern China.However,the plantations of Mongolian pine on sandy land have declined in different degrees since early 1990s.In order to achieve sustainable forest management,it is important and significant to review and discuss the silvicultual activities of Mongolian pine plantations.Based on a wide range of literature collection on Mongolian pine,the research development on silviculture of Mongolian pine were summarized,which included the reason of low survival rate of afforestation and the techniques to improve it,the production of seed,the management of stand density,cultivation pattern,thinning and regeneration etc.Some problems to be solved were put forward and the suggestions were given.