Multi-day Longitudinal Assessment of Physical Activity and Sleep Behavior Among Healthy Young and Older Adults Using Wearable Sensors |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physical Therapy, Crean College of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Chapman University, Irvine, CA 92618, USA;2. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Fowler School of Engineering, Orange CA, 92866, USA;1. Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA;2. Department of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA;3. Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA;4. Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine—Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL, USA;1. Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127, Bologna, Italy;2. Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127, Bologna, Italy;3. Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy;4. Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Viale Ellittico 31, 81100, Caserta, Italy;5. Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono Do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos 2350, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil;6. Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Psiquiatria e Ciências Do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Ramiro Barcelos 2350, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil;1. School of Information Technologies, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia;2. Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;3. Sacred Heart Rehabilitation Service, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, Australia |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesThe number of elderly people is growing rapidly and aging is found to affect activities of daily living. Older adults are found to perform less physical activity when compared to younger ones. In the perspective of movement behavior, it is not well understood how are elderly different from younger ones. It is not known whether they produce only low frequency movement accelerations or the overall number of movements produced are reduced in elderly. It is also not known how elderly and younger ones perform movement transitions throughout the duration of a day and during night-time sleep.Material and methodsIn this study, 10 healthy young and 10 healthy old participants wore inertial measurement unit at their lower back for 3-days. The 24 hours of day were divided into four 6 hour time zones and transitions made by young and elderly were investigated. All participants performed their regular daily activities unhindered and longitudinal multi-day signals for acceleration and angular velocity were analyzed. Time-frequency analysis was performed using wavelet transform and frequency content of each movement performed was computed.ResultsWe found that both young and older adults performed significantly more low amplitude movements than medium and high amplitude movements. Healthy young adults produced significantly more movements at 1.1 Hz than older adults. Healthy young adults were also found to have produced significantly smaller number of transitions in the mid-phases of sleep. They were also found to produce significantly larger accelerations during night-time sleep transitions than their older counterparts.ConclusionThe advantages of collecting longitudinal data about human movement and sleep transition data can lead us to important clinical diagnosis. The information from longitudinal assessment can help develop lifestyle interventions for disease prevention, monitoring of chronic diseases to prevent or slow disease progression among elderly people. |
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| Keywords: | Wearable sensors Longitudinal monitoring Activities of daily living Inertial measurement units |
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