Chemical Characteristics of Water-Soluble Ions in Particulate Matter in Three Metropolitan Areas in the North China Plain |
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| Authors: | Xu Dao Zhen Wang Yibing Lv Enjiang Teng Linlin Zhang Chao Wang |
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| Institution: | 1. China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing, China.; 2. School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.; 3. Department of Geography, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America.; The Ohio State University, United States of America, |
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| Abstract: | PM2.5 and PM10 samples were collected simultaneously in each season in Beijing, Tianjin and Shijiazhuang to identify the characteristics of water-soluble ion compositions in the North China Plain. The water-soluble ions displayed significant seasonal variation. The dominant ions were NO3
−, SO4
2−, NH4
+ and Cl−, accounting for more than 90% and 86% to the mass of total water-soluble ions in PM2.5 and PM10, respectively. The anion/cation ratio indicated that the ion acidity of each city varied both between sites and seasonally. Over 50% of the ion species were enriched in small particles ≤1 µm in diameter. The NO3
−]/SO4
2−] ratio indicated that vehicles accounted for the majority of the particulate pollution in Beijing. Shijiazhuang, a city highly reliant on coal combustion, had a higher SO4
2− concentration. |
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