植物中的核质转运相关蛋白

细胞内各个生命过程的有序进行需要生物大分子在细胞核与细胞质之间有选择、有控制地转运.而细胞核膜的存在为大分子的自由穿梭设置了屏障,因此生物大分子在细胞核与细胞质之间的转运要依赖于一些受体蛋白.输入蛋白β(importinβ)是首先从人类细胞中发现的生物大分子向细胞核输入的受体,其后相继鉴定出多个与输入蛋白β具有同源性的细胞核转运受体,命名为类输入蛋白β.这些转运受体介导的转运过程在生物有机体之间高度保守,在动物及酵母中调控核质穿梭以及各个信号过程的组分与分子机制研究较为清楚,但在植物中相对匮乏.本文在介绍细胞核转运受体共有结构特点和转运机制基础上,重点综述了植物细胞核转运受体的最新研究进展以及这些受体在植物信号转导中的重要调节作用.

Nucleo-cytoplasmic Transport Related-proteins in Plant

Selective and regulated traffic of macromolecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm is important for natural cellular processes. The nuclear envelope provides a diffusion barrier of bidirectional transport for macromolecules through various receptors. Importin β is the first nuclear import receptor identified in human cells, and importin β-like transport receptor homologues were found in plants. Although the transport machinery is conserved among organisms from yeast to plants and mammals, the components, functions and regulation of nucleo-cytoplasmic trafficking and signaling processes in plants were less understood compared to those in animals and yeast. This review discusses the common structural features and transporting mechanism of the nuclear transport receptors, and focuses on the latest progress of the roles in the regulatory signal transduction pathways involved in plant nuclear transport receptors.