ATP-sensitive potassium channels are altered in ventricular myocytes from diabetic rats |
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Authors: | Mitra Jacquelyn M Wahler Gordon M |
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Institution: | (1) Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, ZymeTx, Inc., 73104 Oklahoma City, OK;(2) Departments of Urology, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, 73104 Oklahoma City, OK;(3) Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, 73104 Oklahoma City, OK;(4) Departments of Medicine, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, 73104 Oklahoma City, OK;(5) Zymogenetics Inc., 98102 Seattle, WA, USA;(6) ZymeTx, Inc., Virology # 32, 825 NE 13th Street, 73104 Oklahoma City, OK, USA |
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Abstract: | The affinities of Factor XIII (FXIII), Factor XIIIa (FXIIla), and cellular transglutaminase (Tg) for fibrinogen (Fgn), fibrin (Fbn), and fibronectin (Fn) were compared using a solid-phase binding assay. Initial rates of binding were as follows: FXIII bound Fbn 3-fold more than Fgn. FXIII did not bind Fn till 20 min. Increasing the ligands concentrations and binding time, resulted in weak binding of FXIII to Fn. FXIIla bound Fbn 2-fold more than Fgn and 28-fold more than Fn. Tg bound Fn 130-fold more than either Fgn or Fbn. At equilibrium, the extent of binding was determined to be as follows: FXIII bound Fbn 3–15-fold more than Fgn and 8-fold more than Fn. FXIIIa bound Fgn and Fbn equally and 12–25-fold more than Fn. FXIIla bound Fgn or Fbn 2-fold and 25-fold greater than FXIII-Fbn and FXIII-Fgn interactions, respectively. Tg bound about equally to Fgn and Fbn and 10–20-fold less than Fn. The K
d
s for FXIIla binding to Fn, Fgn, and Fbn were 100, 23, and 19 nM, respectively. The K
d
for Tg binding to Fn was 6.5 nM. The binding hierarchies are: Tg-Fn]>FXIIIa-Fgn]=FXIIIa-Fbn]>FXIII-Fbn]>FXIIIFgn]=FXIIIa-Fn]>Tg-Fbn]=Tg-Fgn]>FXIII-Fn]. Such hierarchies could regulate the cross-linkings by FXIIIa and Tg during hemostasis, wound healing, and cell adhesion.Abbreviations Tg
cellular transglutaminase
- FXIII
coagulation factor XIII
- FXIIla
factor XIIIa (thrombin-activated FXIII)
- Fgn
human plasma fibrinogen
- Fn
human plasma fibronectin
- Fbn
human plasma fibrin (thrombin-cleaved fibrinogen)
- ECM
extracellular matrix |
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Keywords: | transglutaminase factor XIII fibrinogen fibrin fibronectin binding |
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