硅藻金色奥杜藻色素的HPLC分析与超临界CO2萃取研究

以硅藻金色奥杜藻(Odontella aurita)为实验材料,利用高效液相色谱法分析了其色素组成与含量,采取超临界CO2萃取技术研究了从干藻粉内提取岩藻黄素的条件。结果表明,该藻主要含有岩藻黄素、硅甲藻黄素、β-胡萝卜素、硅藻黄素等类胡萝卜素以及叶绿素a和叶绿素c1,其中岩藻黄素为该藻含量最高的类胡萝卜素。色素的萃取率与压强、温度、夹带剂含量以及萃取时间呈正相关,夹带剂含量对萃取率影响最大,CO2流速的影响最小;与有机溶剂法相比,超临界CO2萃取岩藻黄素效率略低,而更利于岩藻黄素的选择性萃取及分离提纯;岩藻黄素的SFE-CO2适宜条件为压强400 bar、温度50℃、CO2流速0.2 L/min、夹带剂比例10%、萃取时间2～3 h。

High Performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Pigments from the Diatom Odontella aurita

Pigment composition and content of the diatom Odontella aurita were analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC,and a study of extraction of fucoxanthin from the freeze-dried powder of Odontella aurita was carried out using supercritical carbon dioxide.The results demonstrated that major pigments in the microalgae were fucoxanthin,diadinoxanthin,β-carotene,diatoxanthin,chlorophyll a and chlorophyll c1.Fucoxanthin was the most abundant carotenoid in the microalgae with a high content of 9.22 μg/mg dry weight.The yields of pigment extracted were positively related to temperature,pressure,addition amount of modifier and extraction time.Among the factors tested,the additional amount of modifier showed a greatest impact on pigment extraction yields,while the CO2 flow rate was the smallest factor.Although the fucoxanthin yield extracted by SFE-CO2 was lower,the SFE-CO2 was more conducive to fucoxanthin selectively extraction,separation and purification compared to organic solvent extraction.The suitable conditions for the SFE-CO2 of fucoxanthin were 400 bar,50 ℃,CO2 flow rate 0.2 L/min,addition amount of modifier 10% and extraction time 2-3 h.