北细辛挥发油对二斑叶螨的毒性及其酶的影响

采用气相/质谱分析了北细辛挥发油的化学成分,并研究了北细辛挥发油对二斑叶螨的薰蒸毒性,以及对谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶(GSTs)与Na+,K+-ATP酶活性的影响。结果表明:有9种含量大于1%的化学成分占北细辛挥发油总量的86.1%,其中甲基丁香酚含量最高(22.9%),其次为黄樟醚(19.8%);北细辛挥发油在8μg/mL时对二斑叶螨的熏蒸毒性最强,其24和48 h的螨死亡率分别为72.6%和100%;以4μg/mL北细辛挥发油薰蒸,在24 h内螨Na+,K+-ATP酶活性下降、GSTs活性升高。本研究结果提示北细辛挥发油有开发为农业用杀螨剂的潜在价值。

Effects of Essential Oil from Asarum heterotropoides on Toxicity and Related Enzymes of Tetranychus urticae

To explore new botanical acaricide,the chemical components of Asarum heterotropoides var.mandshuricum essential oils were analysed,and the fumigant toxicity and the effects on related enzymes of the oils to Tetranychus urticae were investigated.In GC-MS analysis,9 major constituents accounting for 86.1% of the total essential oil,of which methyleugenol(22.9%) was the most,followed by safrole(19.8%).Bioassay showed that the essential oils exhibited the most significant toxicity at 8 μg/mL air concentration with the mortality was 72.6%,100% and 100% after 24,48 and 72 h,respectively.In enzyme analysis,4 μg/mL essential oils decreased the activity of Na+,K+-ATPase,and increased the activity of glutathione S-transferase during 24 h fumigation.As a conclusion,the essential oils of A.heterotropoides possessed the potential for developing botanical acaricide against T.urticae.