模拟长期大风胁迫对霸王叶解剖结构特征的影响

以乌鲁木齐市达坂城长期大风区的优势种灌木霸王为研究对象,采用盆栽实验的方法,设置小风3m/s、中风7m/s、大风12m/s以及对照(自然风速),选择持续吹风90d的霸王叶采用石蜡切片法对其叶解剖结构特征进行比较观察。研究表明:与对照组(平均风速0.3m/s)相比,在12m/s风速下,霸王叶厚度增加了48%;在模拟大风、中风、小风(12、7和3m/s)下,叶表皮厚度分别较对照增加了213%、117%和45%,栅栏组织排列紧密,其厚度分别增加了110%、70%和47%;在大风和中风(12和7m/s)风速下,叶脉厚度分别增加了109%和76%。研究认为,模拟长期大风胁迫下,霸王叶通过增加叶片厚度即叶表皮层、栅栏组织及叶脉厚度来减少风对它的机械损害和水分散失。

Leaf Anatomical Structure of Zygophyllum xanthoxylum under Chronic High Wind

In this paper,Zygophyllum xanthoxylum which is dominant species shrub of Urumqi Dabancheng chronic high wind area was used as a study object.Through pot experiment,design three wind speed (light wind:3 m/s,medium wind 7 m/s,high wind:12 m/s),on Zygophyllum xanthoxylum sustained wind treatment 90 d,leaf anatomical structures were analyzed with paraffin sectioning method.The results showed that,compared with control group(mean wind speed 0.3 m/s),in the 12 m/s wind thickened of leaf thickness 48%;12 m/s,7 m/s and 3m/s wind increased cuticle thickness of 213%,117% and 45%,respectively;palisade tissue thickened of 110%,70% and 47%,respectively;12 m/s and 7 m/s vein thickened of 109% and 76%,respectively.In conclusion,under the chronic high wind simulation,Zygophyllum xanthoxylum reduce mechanical damage by respecting increased leaf thickness,cuticle thickness,palisade tissue and vein thickness,also control water loss.