Studies on carboxymethyl cellulase produced by an alkalothermophilic actinomycete

A novel alkalothermophilic actinomycete having optimum growth at pH 9 and 50 degrees C was isolated from self-heating compost from the Barabanki district of Uttar Pradesh, India. Based on its morphology, susceptibility of spores to heat and novobiocin, guaninecytosine content of chromosomal DNA and cell wall composition, the organism was classified under Thermomonospora. The alkalothermophilic actinomycete produced 23 IU/ml carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase). The CMCase was purified by fractional ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by cellulose affinity chromatography and Sephacryl S-200 gel filtration. The CMCase had a molecular weight of 38 KD and pI of 4.1. The enzyme exhibited optimum activity at pH 5 and temperature 50 degrees C. The CMCase showed pH stability in the range 7-10. The enzyme retained 100% activity at 50 degrees C for 72 h and had half-lives of 7 and 3 h at 60 degrees C and 70 degrees C, respectively. The CMCase was stable in the presence of commercial detergents such as Ariel, Henko and Surf Excel, indicating its potential as an additive to laundry detergents.