Anti-growth factor activities of benzothiophenes in human breast cancer cells

We have tested the effects of two Eli-Lilly compounds, LY 117, 018 and raloxifene, on E2-regulated and IGF-I-induced proliferation or AP-1 activity in human breast cancer cells. We now demonstrate that both molecules have strong antiestrogenic and anti-growth factor inhibitory effects in MCF7 cells. They were as potent as ICI 182, 780 and more efficient than OH-Tam to prevent estradiol action whereas their inhibition on IGF-I stimulation was less than with ICI 182, 780 and equivalent to that of OH-Tam. Moreover, raloxifene was the most efficient molecule to prevent IGF-I-induced AP-1 activity, with a significant effect observed with a concentration as low as 5 × 10⁻¹¹ M in the presence of IGF-I alone. Similar dose–response curves were obtained with a combined treatment of IGF-I and E2 with a 2 log shift. Their action on IGF-I-induced proliferation was completely abrogated in MCF7 transfectants in which the expression of an antiestrogen-regulated protein tyrosine phosphatase, PTPL1, was abolished by antisense RNA transfection. Accordingly, they were both able to dose-dependently regulate the expression of PTPL1 and to interfere with the PI3-K/Akt pathway by drastically decreasing Akt phosphorylation exclusively in wild-type PTPL1 expressing cells.

Our data altogether demonstrate that raloxifene has a potent inhibitory effect on IGF-I action, with a drastic effect on AP-1 triggered responses as well as on Akt phosphorylation, suggesting that it might be a useful therapeutic agent in tumors in which these signalling pathways become constitutively active.